The article chronicles the evolution of Russian‐Serbian military and economic contacts. This topic has not been studied sufficiently in Russian historiography. The contacts between Russia and Serbia became especially close by the eve of the First World War. In the context of common strategic interests of Russia on the Danube River, the author gives attention to the activities of the 1914 Special expedition under the command of M. Veselkin. The Special expedition was formed to supply the Serbian Army with weapons and equipment.